Children and minors: digital threat model¶

A threat model for the privacy and safety of children and young people online. It covers who collects and acts on a child’s data, what is at stake, how exposure happens, and what the harm can look like across a childhood and beyond.

It is written for the adults around a child, parents, carers, teachers, and anyone advocating for them. It takes seriously that some of the watching a child lives with is meant to protect them, and that the tools used to protect are often the same ones used to control. That tension runs through the whole model.

Last reviewed: 2026-07-08.